Testing of Rubber Processability and Dynamic Properties
Date: February 4-5, 2010 (AP8405)
Time: 8:30 a.m. - 4:30 p.m.
Cost: $805 USD
CEU's: 1.5
Instructor: John Dick & John Sezna
Location: Akron Polymer Training Center, Akron, OH 44325-5404
Course Overview: This two-day course is designed to help rubber professionals such as rubber chemists, engineers, compounders, laboratory and production managers and associates better understand the various methods available to measure rubber processing, dynamic properties and the fundamental rheological principles on which these tests are based. This course will also discuss what specific changes in rubber compound formulations will effect these measured processing properties, as well as the cured dynamic properties.
Text is included in the price of the course. This class includes three hands-on workshops on the topics of Mooney viscosity and stress relaxation, the ocillating disk rheometer and the moving die rheometer.
A hands-on demonstration by John Dick will discuss the use of the Rubber Process Analyzer to characterize raw rubber, predict downstream processability for mixed stocks and measure curing characteristics. A hands-on workshop will be offered on the use of the capillary rheometer in measuring rubber compounding processability.
Price includes books, handouts and continental breakfasts each day.
Course Outline:
Unit 1 - Fundamental Measurable Properties Affecting Factory Processability
Review of viscosity, shear thinning, green strength, uncured elasticity, V/E ratio, tackiness, surface exudation, stickiness, surface lubricity and cure properties (time to scorch, ultimate state of cure, anaerobic heat aging, reversion, marching modulus and cure-blow balance).
Relate to behavioral definitions of processability for Banbury mixing, milling, extrusion, bin storage stability, calendering, second step tire building, compression molding, transfer molding, injection molding and autoclave curing.
Unit 2 - Basic Overview of Rheology and Dynamic Properties
Elasticity: definition, examples, calculations, applications
Viscous Quality: definition, examples, calculations, applications
Viscoelasticity: definition, examples, calculations, applications
Sinusoidal Definition and Measurements: definition, examples, calculations, dynamic torque properties, S', S'', tan delta, applicatations
Unit 3 - Basic Overview of Rheology and Dynamic Properties PART II
Dynamic modulus (G', G'', G*): definitions, examples, calculations, applications
Dynamic viscosity (η',η'',η*): definitions, examples, calculations, applications
Dynamic Compliance (j', j'', j*): definitions, examples, calculations, applications
Dynamic modulus and compliance under extension or compression (E', E'', E*, D', D'', D*): definitions, examples, calculations, applications
Dynamic Spring Rate Constant (K', K'', K*): definitions, examples, calculations, applications
WLF Time-Temperature Superposition: definitions, examples, calculations, applications
Unit 4 - Curemeters, ODR, MDR and Mooney Viscosity
Discussion of oscillating disc curemeter
Discussion of the Moving Die Rheometer (MDR)
MDR Design
MDR Applications
MDR Dynamic Properties and Applications
Using dynamic properties to detect assignable causes of variation
Mooney Viscosity description and applications
Mooney Stress Relaxation description and applications
Unit 5 - Rubber Process Analyzer
RPA Definition
RPA comparative advantages
Applications in raw rubber characterization and quality assurance
Measuring raw rubber Avg. MW, MWD, Long Chain Branching and gel
Testing Natural Rubber, SBR, BR, NBR, EPDM.
RPA testing of quality of mix for Banbury batches using G', G'' and tan delta
RPA measurements of effects from order of mix changes
RPA measurements of time of oiling on Banbury batch properties
RPA measurements of different phase mixing techniques
Advantages of frequency sweeps vs. strain sweeps
RPA ASTM Standard Methods, D6204, D6601 and D7050
Advantages of low strain vs. high strain measurements relating to carbon black particle size vs. structure
Using RPA G'' to measure effects of plasticizer oils on rubber compound processing and cured physical properties
Using the S'' cure curve for better scorch detection
Unit 6 - Capillary Rheometry
Definitions and illustrations
Shear thinning profiles
Comparison of different capillary rheometers
Measuring die swell
Bagley Correction
Rabinowitsch Correction
Extrudate appearance and melt fracture
Comparison of Capillary Rheometer vs. RPA
Applications of Capillary Rheometer in rubber mixing, extrusion, injection molding and calendering
Unit 7 - Rubber Compounding Techniques to Achieve Selected Dynamic Properties
Effects of different raw elastomers on cured compound dynamic properties
Effects of molecular structure of different polymers on glass transition temperature and resulting dynamic properties
Comparison of rheology master curves and dynamic properties
Effects of carbon black on compound dynamic properties
Effects of oils on compound dynamic properties
Effects of different curative packages on compound dynamic properties
Unit 8 - Applications of Rubber in Vibration Noise Harshness
Rubber metal component design
Natural resonance frequency
Effects of mass and stiffness
The function of rubber isolators
The function of rubber dampers
Specific designs